Selected Controlled Trials
Amelin AV, Vasil'ev IuN, Ignatov IuD, Skoromets AA. [The combined use of acupuncture and antidepressants for managing the spondylogenic lumbosacral pain syndrome]. Farmakol Toksikol 1991 Sep-Oct;54(5):12-3. (Rus).
Coan RM, Wong G, Ku SL, Chan YC, Wang L, Ozer FT, Coan PL. The acupuncture treatment of low back pain: a randomized controlled study. Am J Chin Med 1980 Spring-Summer;8(1-2):181-9.
Deyo RA, Walsh NE, Martin DC, Schoenfeld LS, Ramamurthy S. A controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and exercise for chronic low back pain. N Engl J Med 1990 Jun 7;322(23):1627-34. Comment in: N Engl J Med 1990 Nov 15;323(20):1423-5.
Duplan B, Cabanel G, Piton JL, Grauer JL, Phelip X. [Acupuncture and sciatica in the acute phase. Double-blind study of 30 cases]. Sem Hop 1983 Dec 8;59(45):3109-14. (Fre).
Edelist G, Gross AE, Langer F. Treatment of low back pain with acupuncture. Can Anaesth Soc J 1976;23(3):303-6.
Gadsby JG, Flowerdew MW. The effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ALTENS) in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain. In: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews [database on CDROM]. Oxford: Update Software; 1997 [updated 1996 Nov 23]. [30 p.]. (The Cochrane Library; 1997 no. 2).
Gallacchi G, Muller W, Plattner GR, Schnorrenberger CC. [Acupuncture and laser treatment in cervical and lumbar syndrome]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1981 Sep 12;111(37):1360-6. (Ger).
Garvey TA, Marks MR, Wiesel SW. A prospective, randomized, double-blind evaluation of trigger-point injection therapy for low-back pain. Spine 1989 Sep;14(9):962-4.
Gemignani G, Olivieri I, Ruju G, Pasero G. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in ankylosing spondylitis: a double-blind study [letter]. Arthritis Rheum 1991 Jun;34(6):788-9.
Gunn CC, Milbrandt WE, Little AS, Mason KE. Dry needling of muscle motor points for chronic low-back pain: a randomized clinical trial with long-term follow-up. Spine 1980 May-Jun;5(3):279-91.
Hackett GI, Seddon D, Kaminski D. Electroacupuncture compared with paracetamol for acute low back pain. Practitioner 1988 Feb 22;232(1443):163-4.
Heydenreich A. [Controlled reflex and stimulation therapy of functional vertebrogenic pain syndromes]. Beitr Orthop Traumatol 1989 Mar;36(3):104-8. (Ger).
Heydenreich A. [Is acupuncture a placebo therapy?]. Z Physiother 1986;38(1):43-50. (Ger).
Lehmann TR, Russell DW, Spratt KF. The impact of patients with nonorganic physical findings on a controlled trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and electroacupuncture. Spine 1983 Sep;8(6):625-34.
Lehmann TR, Russell DW, Spratt KF, Colby H, Liu YK, Fairchild ML, Christensen S. Efficacy of electroacupuncture and TENS in the rehabilitation of chronic low back pain patients. Pain 1986 Sep;26(3):277-90.
Macdonald AJ, Macrae KD, Master BR, Rubin AP. Superficial acupuncture in the relief of chronic low back pain. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1983 Jan;65(1):44-6.
Marchand S, Charest J, Li J, Chenard JR, Lavignolle B, Laurencelle L. Is TENS purely a placebo effect? A controlled study on chronic low back pain. Pain 1993 Jul;54(1):99-106. Comment in: Pain 1994 Jan;56(1):122; discussion 123.
Melzack R, Vetere P, Finch L. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for low back pain. A comparison of TENS and massage for pain and range of motion. Phys Ther 1983 Apr;63(4):489-93.